{"id":5083,"date":"2017-01-24T14:42:07","date_gmt":"2017-01-24T13:42:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?page_id=5083"},"modified":"2024-10-02T08:57:53","modified_gmt":"2024-10-02T07:57:53","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?page_id=5083","title":{"rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"rendered":"

(a)<\/em> \u2013 acoustic comparison species
\n(v)<\/em> \u2013 visual comparison species<\/p>\n

SEX<\/strong><\/p>\n

M<\/em> \u2013 male
\nF<\/em> \u2013 female<\/p>\n

AGE<\/strong><\/p>\n

JUV<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 juvenile
\nIMM<\/em> \u2013 immature
\nAD<\/em> \u2013 adult
\n1CY<\/em> \u2013 1st calendar year
\n1W<\/em> \u2013 1st winter
\n1S<\/em> \u2013 1st summer<\/p>\n

PLUMAGE<\/strong><\/p>\n

SUM<\/em> \u2013 summer plumage
\nWIN<\/em> \u2013 winter plumage
\nBREED<\/em> \u2013 breeding plumage
\nNBREED<\/em> \u2013 non-breeding plumage
\nECLPS<\/em> \u2013 eclipse plumage
\nDARK<\/em> \u2013 dark morph
\nIMED<\/em> \u2013 intermediate morph
\nPALE<\/em> \u2013 pale morph<\/p>\n

TOPOGRAPHY OF SOUNDS<\/strong><\/p>\n

element<\/em> \u2013 single element
\nsyllable<\/em> \u2013 tiny units consisting of elements
\nphrase<\/em> \u2013 a series of similar\/different syllables<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

monotone<\/em> \u2013 steady frequency curve
\nupslur<\/em> \u2013 increasing frequency curve
\ndownslur<\/em> \u2013 decreasing frequency curve
\noverslur<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 increasing and than decreasing frequency curve
\nunderslur<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 decreasing and than increasing frequency curve<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

monophonic sound<\/em> \u2013 sound produced just by one voice box
\npolyphonic sound<\/em> \u2013 sound produced by two voice boxes or body parts<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\n\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

partials<\/em> \u2013 bands of spectral sound energy produced simultaneously with the 1st partial (often wrongly referred to as fundamental)<\/p>\n

1st harmonic partial<\/em> or fundamental<\/em>
\n2nd harmonic partial<\/em> \u2013 1st even-numbered multiple
\n3rd harmonic partial<\/em> \u2013 2nd even-numbered multiple
\nor
\n1st inharmonic partial<\/em> or fundamental<\/em>
\n2nd inharmonic partial<\/em> \u2013 1st uneven-numbered multiple
\n3rd inharmonic partial<\/em> \u2013 2end uneven-numbered multiple<\/p>\n

side-band<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 a band of frequencies higher or lower than the carrier frequency (as a result of amplitude or frequency modulation)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

bandwidth<\/em> \u2013 the range between the lowest and highest pitch of a bird\u2019s song or call
\nnarrowband (simple) sound<\/em> \u2013 sound with energy in a narrow band of multiple frequencies
\nbroadband (complex) call<\/em> \u2013 sound with energy in a broad band of multiple frequencies
\nnoisy sound<\/em> \u2013 sound of variable acoustic structure in a broad band of irregularly spaced frequencies<\/p>\n

slow modulation<\/em> \u2013 single or just a few modulations
\nfast modulation<\/em> \u2013 many modulations
\nnarrow modulation<\/em> \u2013 modulations in a narrow frequency band
\nbroad modulation<\/em> \u2013 modulations in a broad frequency band<\/p>\n

TYPES OF SOUND<\/strong><\/p>\n

flight call<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 call only used in flight or to show flight motivation
\ncall in flight<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 call used in flight, but also in other contexts
\ncall during migration<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 call sound recorded during migration
\nnocturnal flight call<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 call sound recorded during nocturnal flight
\nsocial call<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 call in flight with a non-defined social meaning
\nwing sound<\/em>\u00a0\u2013 sound from resonating wing feathers, accidentally or ‘purposly’
\nimitation<\/em> \u2013 imitation of the call of another species<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(a) \u2013 acoustic comparison species (v) \u2013 visual comparison species SEX M \u2013 male F \u2013 female AGE JUV\u00a0\u2013 juvenile IMM \u2013 immature AD \u2013 adult 1CY \u2013 1st calendar year 1W \u2013 1st winter 1S \u2013 1st summer PLUMAGE SUM \u2013 summer plumage WIN \u2013 winter plumage BREED \u2013 breeding plumage NBREED \u2013 non-breeding … Continue reading Glossary<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5083","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5083","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5083"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5083\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13923,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5083\/revisions\/13923"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5083"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}