{"id":10725,"date":"2019-05-03T08:25:52","date_gmt":"2019-05-03T07:25:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?p=10725"},"modified":"2019-06-20T21:13:15","modified_gmt":"2019-06-20T20:13:15","slug":"water-rail-rallus-aquaticus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?p=10725","title":{"rendered":"Water Rail<br> <em>Rallus aquaticus<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>>> GENERAL >>>>><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; medium-sized rail, much smaller than <a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?p=9553\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eurasian Coot<\/a><br \/>\n&#8211; nocturnal migrant<br \/>\n&#8211; migrates singly<\/p>\n<p><strong>>> VISUAL ID >>>>><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>birds in flight not yet photographed \u2013<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>>> ACOUSTIC ID >>>>><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; at least two different calls can be heard during migration<br \/>\n&#8211; a screechy, 0.5-0.6s long <em>monophonic<\/em>, <em>monotone<\/em> typical rail-like call<br \/>\n&#8211; the second call is a combination of short <em>over-<\/em> and <em>downslurred<\/em> rail-like bursts<br \/>\n&#8211; a &#8216;stuttering&#8217; impression due to the slow repetition<br \/>\n&#8211; both calls with dense <em>inharmonic partials<\/em><\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-10725-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/BIF2972-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0230_Wilsen.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/BIF2972-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0230_Wilsen.mp3\">https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/BIF2972-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0230_Wilsen.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/BIF2972-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0230_Wilsen.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10837\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/BIF2972-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0230_Wilsen-1024x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/BIF2972-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0230_Wilsen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/BIF2972-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0230_Wilsen-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/BIF2972-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0230_Wilsen-768x185.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Water Rail <em>Rallus a. aquaticus<\/em>, call in flight<\/strong><br \/>\nBIF2972, 18\/03\/2017, Wilsen, Germany, Roland Neumann<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-10725-2\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2988-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0410_Wilsen.mp3?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2988-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0410_Wilsen.mp3\">https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2988-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0410_Wilsen.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2988-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0410_Wilsen.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10839\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2988-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0410_Wilsen-1024x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2988-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0410_Wilsen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2988-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0410_Wilsen-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2988-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170318_0410_Wilsen-768x185.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Water Rail <em>Rallus a. aquaticus<\/em>, call in flight<\/strong><br \/>\nBIF2988, 18\/03\/2017, Wilsen, Germany, Roland Neumann<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-10725-3\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2989-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170330_0045_Wilsen.mp3?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2989-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170330_0045_Wilsen.mp3\">https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2989-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170330_0045_Wilsen.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2989-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170330_0045_Wilsen.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10841\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2989-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170330_0045_Wilsen-1024x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2989-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170330_0045_Wilsen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2989-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170330_0045_Wilsen-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2989-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20170330_0045_Wilsen-768x185.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Water Rail <em>Rallus a. aquaticus<\/em>, call in flight<\/strong><br \/>\nBIF2989, 30\/03\/2017, Wilsen, Germany, Roland Neumann<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-10725-4\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2990-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180413_0100_Hooksiel.mp3?_=4\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2990-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180413_0100_Hooksiel.mp3\">https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2990-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180413_0100_Hooksiel.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2990-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180413_0100_Hooksiel.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10843\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2990-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180413_0100_Hooksiel-1024x247.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2990-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180413_0100_Hooksiel.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2990-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180413_0100_Hooksiel-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2990-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180413_0100_Hooksiel-768x185.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Water Rail <em>Rallus a. aquaticus<\/em>, call in flight<\/strong><br \/>\nBIF2990, 13\/04\/2018, Hooksiel, Germany, Roland Neumann<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-10725-5\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.mp3?_=5\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.mp3\">https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10845\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-1024x247.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-768x185.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10846\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-1024x494.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"494\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-300x145.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-768x371.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Water Rail <em>Rallus a. aquaticus<\/em>, call in flight<\/strong><br \/>\nBIF2991, 15\/04\/2018, Wilsen, Germany, Roland Neumann<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-7_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10847\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-7_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-1024x247.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-7_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-7_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2991-7_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180415_2330_Wilsen-768x185.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Water Rail <em>Rallus a. aquaticus<\/em>, call in flight<br \/>\n<em>\u2013 detail\u2013<\/em> <\/strong><br \/>\nBIF2991, 15\/04\/2018, Wilsen, Germany, Roland Neumann<\/p>\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-10725-6\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen.mp3?_=6\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen.mp3\">https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-1_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10849\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen-1024x245.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"245\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-3_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen-768x184.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Water Rail <em>Rallus a. aquaticus<\/em>, call in flight<\/strong><br \/>\nBIF2992, 16\/04\/2018, Wilsen, Germany, Roland Neumann<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-10850\" src=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen-1024x246.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen-300x72.jpg 300w, https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/BIF2992-5_1-11_RALAQU_NFC_20180416_0130_Wilsen-768x185.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><br \/>\n<strong>Water Rail <em>Rallus a. aquaticus<\/em>, call in flight<br \/>\n<em>\u2013 detail \u2013<\/em><\/strong><br \/>\nBIF2992, 16\/04\/2018, Wilsen, Germany, Roland Neumann<\/p>\n<p><strong>>> COMPARISON SPECIES >>>>><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?p=10723\">Common Moorhen<\/a> (a)<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?p=9553\">Eurasian Coot<\/a> (a)<\/p>\n<p>#waterbird<\/p>\n<p>#ornithology #birdmigration #birdID #birdguide #birding #birdwatching #birdsound #westernpalearctic #europe #vismig #flightcalls #middleeast #northernafrica #workinprogress<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>>> GENERAL >>>>> &#8211; medium-sized rail, much smaller than Eurasian Coot &#8211; nocturnal migrant &#8211; migrates singly >> VISUAL ID >>>>> birds in flight not yet photographed \u2013 >> ACOUSTIC ID >>>>> &#8211; at least two different calls can be heard during migration &#8211; a screechy, 0.5-0.6s long monophonic, monotone typical rail-like call &#8211; the &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?p=10725\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Water Rail<br \/> <em>Rallus aquaticus<\/em><\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10858,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[322],"tags":[353],"class_list":["post-10725","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rallidae-rails-gallinules-coots","tag-water-rail-rallus-aquaticus"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10725"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10725\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10854,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10725\/revisions\/10854"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10858"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10725"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10725"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}