{"id":8419,"date":"2023-01-10T09:34:00","date_gmt":"2023-01-10T08:34:00","guid":{"rendered":"\/?p=8419"},"modified":"2023-01-15T18:33:31","modified_gmt":"2023-01-15T17:33:31","slug":"greater-scaup-aythya-marila","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/?p=8419","title":{"rendered":"Greater Scaup
Aythya marila<\/em>"},"content":{"rendered":"

>> GENERAL >>>>><\/strong><\/p>\n

– medium-sized duck, slightly smaller than Mallard<\/a>
\n– nocturnal\/diurnal migrant
\n– migrates in small to large flocks, in loose formation<\/p>\n

>> VISUAL ID >>>>><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M BREED -> NBREED, F <\/strong>
\nBIF3693, 29\/12\/2022, Dar\u00df, Germany, Mathias Putze
\n– both sexes with contrasting white wing bar to dark greater coverts
\n– AD F with typical extended white face, greyish back difficult to see in flight from side
\n– AD M with typical greyish light back and grey shoulders
\n– M in transient plumage with more diffuse border between dark green head, neck and breast, and white belly<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, AD M NBREED -> BREED<\/strong>
\nBIF3697, 29\/12\/2022, Dar\u00df, Germany, Mathias Putze
\n– bright yellow eyes in all plumages
\n– blue grey bill shows only small black tip compared to the bill of Tufted Duck<\/a>
\n– glossy green head only seen in good light and angle, mostly it appears just black<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, F BREED<\/strong>
\nBIF3698, 29\/12\/2022, Dar\u00df, Germany, Mathias Putze
\n– F show always distinct white face, which is rarely found in F of Tufted Duck<\/a>
\n– contrast between brown upperwing coverts to greyish mottled back<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, F BREED<\/strong>
\nBIF3699, 29\/12\/2022, Dar\u00df, Germany, Mathias Putze
\n– pure white underwings, brown and grey mottled flanks and white belly<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F<\/strong>
\nBIF3695, 29\/12\/2022, Dar\u00df, Germany, Mathias Putze
\n– upper M in full BREED with uniform grey shoulders contrasting to black greater coverts and the white secondary band
\n– 1W M (lower male in the background) shows some white in front of bill, but the median and lesser coverts are contrasting grey to darker greater coverts
\n– F with broad white at bill-base<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2065, 02\/01\/2018, Rerik, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– typical dark and white Aythya<\/em>-silhoutte
\n– AD M with sharp border between black breast and white belly
\n– 2CY (first winter) M (centre left) with more diffuse border between black head, neck and breast, and white belly<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2066, 02\/01\/2018, Rerik, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– F dark brown with distinct white ring at the base of the bill
\n– plumage not as cleanly patterned as M<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2067, 02\/01\/2018, Rerik, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– against the sky colour not easy to distinguish but F show partly dark flanks<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF3696, 29\/12\/2022, Dar\u00df, Germany, Mathias Putze
\n– both sexes show the white wing bar, same es in Tufted Duck<\/a>
\n– on distance the females show their white faces and the males the light grey backs<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2072, 16\/12\/2016, North Sea, offshore, Roland Neumann
\n– migrants at dusk: main features are still recognisable (grey back and upperwing coverts in M, large white ring around base of bill in F)<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nCommon Scoter Melanitta nigra<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2073, 16\/12\/2016, North Sea, offshore, Roland Neumann
\n– migrants at dusk: flocks usually rather dense<\/p>\n

\"\"
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nCommon Goldeneye Bucephala clangula<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF3700, 29\/12\/2022, Dar\u00df, Germany, Mathias Putze
\n– bothe species with white bellies, but Greater Scaup with white unterwings instead of dark in Common Goldeneye<\/a>
\n– white faces of F Greater Scaup on distance similar to the white rounded loral spot of M Common Goldeneye<\/a>, but compare the colour of neck and underwing in both species<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nTufted Duck Aythya fuligula<\/em>, M (centre)<\/strong>
\nBIF2068, 02\/01\/2018, Rerik, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– M of Tufted Duck and Greater Scaup are readily identified when upperside is visible
\n– white wingbar in both species fades to grey towards wingtip<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nTufted Duck Aythya fuligula<\/em>, M (centre)<\/strong>
\nBIF2069, 02\/01\/2018, Rerik, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– from below, almost impossible to separate these two species using plumage alone
\n– note tuft and slightly smaller size and more compact silhouette of Tufted Duck<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2070, 02\/01\/2018, Rerik, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– at distance and against the sky very difficult to determine sex<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2071, 02\/01\/2018, Rerik, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– on flights between feeding and resting grounds, flocks often appear jumbled-up<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2142, 14\/02\/2018, K\u00fchlungsborn, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– flocks on migration are undulating and not particularly tidy<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
\nGreater Scaup Aythya m. marila<\/em>, M F <\/strong>
\nBIF2143, 14\/02\/2018, K\u00fchlungsborn, Germany, Roland Neumann
\n– in bright sunlight above water the white bodyparts strongly blow out resulting in a largely white appearance
\n– F seem to be white-headed<\/p>\n

>> ACOUSTIC ID >>>>><\/strong><\/p>\n

– usually nonvocal during migration<\/p>\n

>> COMPARISON SPECIES >>>>><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ferruginous Duck<\/a> (v)
\nTufted Duck<\/a> (v)
\nLesser Scaup (v)
\nRing-necked Duck (v)<\/p>\n

#waterbird #waterfowl #wildfowl<\/p>\n

#ornithology #birdmigration #birdID #birdguide #birding #birdwatching #birdsound #westernpalearctic #europe #vismig #flightcalls #middleeast #northernafrica #workinprogress<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

>> GENERAL >>>>> – medium-sized duck, slightly smaller than Mallard – nocturnal\/diurnal migrant – migrates in small to large flocks, in loose formation >> VISUAL ID >>>>> Greater Scaup Aythya m. marila, M BREED -> NBREED, F BIF3693, 29\/12\/2022, Dar\u00df, Germany, Mathias Putze – both sexes with contrasting white wing bar to dark greater coverts … Continue reading Greater Scaup
Aythya marila<\/em><\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13571,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,288],"tags":[278],"class_list":["post-8419","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-anatidae","category-ducks","tag-greater-scaup-aythya-marila"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8419","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8419"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8419\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13609,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8419\/revisions\/13609"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13571"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8419"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8419"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/birds-in-flight.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8419"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}